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PART ONE: MULTIPLE CHOICE (3.5 points each)


1. The 200 year period when peace, order, and prosperity flourished is known as the

a) republic
b) Pax Romana
c) Circus Maximus
d) Punic Wars

2. Who ended the persecution of Christians?

a) Jesus
b) Constantine
c) Julius Caesar
d) Augustus

3. The fall of Rome was

a) a rapid event
b) due entirely to military failures
c) the end of Roman civilization
d) not a single event, but a long process of change

4. Which of the following is NOT one of the common basic principles of law developed by the Romans?

a) The accused should be allowed to face his accuser
b) A person must be tried by a jury of peers
c) People of the same status are equal before the law
d) An accused person is innocent until proven guilty

5. The rich landowners who controlled the Roman Senate in the days of the Republic were known as

a) patricians
b) plebeians
c) caesars
d) consuls
e) priests


6. Most planets in the solar system are named after Roman

a) emperors
b) generals
c) scientists
d) gods and goddesses



7. In gaining control of Italy, the Romans

a) employed great cruelty
b) fought only defensive wars
c) extended citizenship to conquered peoples
d) only used mercenaries

8. Carthage and Rome became bitter rivals because the Carthaginians

a) refused to worship Roman gods
b) drove the Romans out of Gaul
c) competed with Rome for trade in the Mediterranean
d) were allied with Alexander the Great

9. As a result of the Punic Wars, Rome

a) became a democracy
b) gained control of the Mediterranean region
c) adopted Christianity
d) lost Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica

10. The Roman government offered programs of “bread and circuses” mainly to

a) keep agricultural prices high
b) provide work for entertainers
c) provide a distraction for the unemployed
d) encourage enlistments in the army

11. Two outstanding contributions of Rome to Western civilization were in

a) literature and medicine
b) painting and drama
c) engineering and law
d) music and military tactics

12. The Pantheon is most famous for its

a) columns and arches
b) paved roads
c) concrete dome
d) gladiatorial combats

13. The most successful of the dictators of Rome during the Republic was

a) Julius Caesar
b) Pompey
c) Marc Antony
d) Crassus

14. The Mepham high school football team had a problem controlling:

a) Augustus
b) Mr. Hungerford
c) Their dicks
d) SEX….twice

15. The Roman Empire reached its greatest extent in A.D. 117 under the rule of

a) Nero
b) Hadrian
c) Trajan
d) Constantine


16. Which was NOT a cause of the breakdown of the Roman Republic

a) widespread slave labor
b) differences between sex and anal activity
c) the ineffective rule of Nero
d) civil war over control of the Roman government

17. The highest position of government during the Roman Republic was that of

a) Senator
b) Hungerford
c) Patrician
d) Emperor

18. I helped Octavian defeat the forces of Caesar’s murderers, but then fought with him over control of the Republic. I also was Cleopatra’s lover. I am

a) Augustus
b) Trajan
c) Marc Antony
d) Brutus

19. What form of government did the early Romans establish ?

a) a republic
b) a democracy
c) an oligarchy
d) an aristocracy

20. How many years did the Pax Romana last ?

a) 1000
b) 24
c) 200
d) 500


PART TWO: SHORT ANSWERS ( 20 points )

Answer two of the questions listed below. Use full sentences and be complete.

21. The Romans were great engineers, lawgivers and builders. They left their mark on much of our civilization. Explain this statement by referring to specific aspects of Roman greatness mentioned above.

22. List and explain four important causes of the gradual decline of the Roman Empire.

23. Briefly explain three ways how the geography of Italy helped the Romans to build a powerful civilization.

24. Explain the historical importance of each of the following: Julius Caesar, Punic Wars, Hungerford, Diocletian.